Costa Rica

Citizens of the US, UK, Canada, Australia, and most EU countries can visit Costa Rica visa-free for stays of up to 90 days. Costa Rica is one of the most accessible destinations in Central America for international travelers, with no visa required for most Western passport holders. On arrival, you'll need to show proof of onward travel (a return or onward flight ticket) and sufficient funds for your stay — immigration officers do sometimes ask for these. There's a departure tax payable when you leave, which is typically included in airfare but worth confirming. Always verify the current requirements for your specific nationality before you travel.

Costa Rica's dry season runs from December to April and is generally considered the best time to visit — lower rainfall, more sunshine, and better conditions for outdoor activities, wildlife watching, and beach days. January and February are peak months, with the highest visitor numbers and accommodation prices. The green season (May to November) brings daily rainfall, usually in the form of afternoon showers rather than all-day rain, and has its own appeal: lush landscapes, fewer crowds, lower prices, and excellent wildlife activity. Sea turtle nesting season on the Caribbean coast runs from July to October, and the Osa Peninsula's wildlife is particularly active during the wet season. Surfers should note that the Pacific coast's best swells arrive from April to October, while the Caribbean coast is better from November to April.

Costa Rica is one of the more expensive destinations in Central America — significantly pricier than Guatemala or Nicaragua, and comparable to some European destinations for accommodation and activities. The country's success with ecotourism has come with a price premium, and staying in national park lodges, doing zip-lining tours, and taking wildlife-watching excursions adds up quickly. That said, there are real ways to manage costs: eating at sodas (small local restaurants) rather than tourist-facing establishments saves money and usually produces better food; staying in hostels or budget guesthouses rather than eco-lodges makes a significant difference; and many of the country's best wildlife experiences — spotting sloths, toucans, and monkeys — happen for free in national parks with a modest entry fee. Renting a car is an added expense but gives you the flexibility to explore independently.

Costa Rica is one of the easier Central American countries to navigate as a first-timer, but a few things are worth knowing. The road network outside of the main highways can be rough — 4WD vehicles are recommended for reaching many national parks and rural areas, and river crossings without bridges are a reality in some parts of the country. Wildlife encounters are one of the great pleasures of Costa Rica, but keeping a respectful distance from animals — particularly monkeys, which can bite — is important. The sun is intense year-round, and UV levels are high — sunscreen and protective clothing matter. Pura vida — literally 'pure life' — is the national motto and a genuine expression of the country's relaxed, positive attitude; embracing it rather than rushing through the country is the best way to experience Costa Rica properly. Finally, travel insurance with medical coverage is strongly recommended, as healthcare costs for foreigners can be significant.

Getting around Costa Rica requires some planning, as the country's road network varies significantly in quality. Renting a car — ideally a 4WD — gives you the most flexibility and is the best option for reaching national parks and rural areas that public transport doesn't serve well. The main highways are paved and in reasonable condition; secondary roads can be rough, unpaved, and occasionally require river crossings. Shuttle services (shared minivans) connect the main tourist destinations efficiently and are a popular option for travelers who don't want to drive — companies like Interbus and Grayline cover most routes. Public buses are very affordable and cover most of the country, though they're slower and less convenient for reaching specific national parks. Domestic flights with Sansa or Green Airways are a time-saving option for reaching the Osa Peninsula and other remote destinations.

Costa Rica is one of the best wildlife destinations in the Americas, and the density and accessibility of wildlife encounters is extraordinary for a country of its size. Sloths are almost guaranteed in Manuel Antonio and Tortuguero; scarlet macaws are common in the Osa Peninsula and Carara National Park; resplendent quetzals can be spotted in the cloud forests of Monteverde and San Gerardo de Dota; sea turtles nest on both coasts at different times of year; and the country's 900-plus bird species make it a premier destination for birdwatchers. The key to great wildlife watching in Costa Rica is having a good local guide — animals that are invisible to an untrained eye become obvious when someone who knows where to look is with you. Most national parks and lodges can arrange guided wildlife walks, and the investment is almost always worth it.